عنوان مقاله
راهبردهایی برای معماری ابتکار دولت به دولت در کشورهای در حال توسعه
فهرست مطالب
مقدمه
مرور ادبیات
روش ها
یافته ها
نتیجه گیری
بخشی از مقاله
تحقیق عمل
تحقیق عمل از روشهای علمی برای کمک به سازمان ها در جهت شناسایی مسائل و مشکلات، کشف عوامل زمینه ، و اعمال تغییرات مناسب استفاده می کند. آن همچنین قادر به تولید دانش جدید در مورد سازمان ها و تغییر اعمال شده در جاهای مختلف می باشد. علاوه بر تاکید بر حل مسئله، تحقیق عمل جنبه مشارکتی داشته و شامل دست اندرکاران و اعضای سازمان در فرایند عمل و تحقیق می شود.
کلمات کلیدی:
Guidelines for government-to-government initiative architecture in developing countries Behrouz Zarei a , Amirhossein Ghapanchi b, a School of Management, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran b Department of Information Systems, Technology and Management, Australian School of Business, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia article info Keywords: E-government G2G Architecture System of systems (SOS) E-government implementation Grounded action research Heuristic principle abstract The term electronic government (e-government) mainly refers to the information and communications technology (ICT) usage to modify structures and procedures of government agencies. Acknowledging the necessity of utilizing the new electronic, information, and communication technologies, the movement toward implementation of e-government in Iran has recently received the attention of authorities and policy makers. Public administrations have been very much concerned about the architecture of e-government, especially because of the boost of e-government that has taken place in recent years. The paper seeks to provide a set of heuristic principles affecting e-government overall architecture with respect to Iranian government-to-government (G2G) context requirements, which might be applicable for other developing countries with some customization. It is worth mentioning that the grounded action research method was applied to develop a systematic theory from data that contains both inductive and deductive thinking. & 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Electronic government (e-government) is the provision of electronic information and services for citizens and businesses and among government agencies. This electronic advent of government, which faces complex challenges (Gil-Garcia & Pardo, 2005), offers new access levels to government information and services (Jaeger, 2004). Sprecher (2000) considers e-government as a technology to simplify and mechanize transactions between governments and constituents, businesses, or other governments. Also, Meho and Haas (2001) believe that governments should employ new information technologies in order to locate their government information appropriately. Overall, because of the increasing importance of e-government, it is imperative to examine the application of e-government from a range of empirical and theoretical perspectives (Jaeger & Thompson, 2004). However, this technology could help governments, especially developing countries’ governments, to compensate considerable amount of their weaknesses. Besides, e-government needs to be shaped with vision and long-term planning (Metaxiotis & Psarras, 2005); this viewpoint could contribute to reduce the associated risks, costs, and wasted time, increase citizen participation and quality of e-government services. A holistic development approach is required to address different aspects impacting advanced government systems (Wimmer, 2002). More importantly, it is vital for the e-government development project, as with other large-scale projects, to have an abstract picture in the initial stages in order to keep all people, activities, and sub-projects in the same way, which provides ground for organizing and prioritizing all activities. In this regard, a few influential initiatives have been proposed by e-government agencies of some developed countries in the architecture arena. For example, the standard and architecture for e-government applications (SAGA) was published by Germany’s Federal Government Co-ordination and Advisory Agency for information technology (IT) in the Federal Administration (KBSt).1 In the United States, the Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework (FEAF) was issued by the Federal Chief Information Officers Council2 (CIOC, 1999). Furthermore, significant research has been conducted too; for instance, Joia (2004) proposed a heuristic model for successful implementation of government-to-government (G2G) endeavors from multiple case studies and drew some conclusions in order to assist policy makers and public administrators in dealing with this new field of knowledge adequately. Moreover, the use of interoperability frameworks and enterprise
