عنوان مقاله
کاربرد سیستم اتوماتیک برای تعیین گروههای خونی با تکنیک های پردازش تصویر
فهرست مطالب
چکیده
مقدمه
تکنیک های پردازش تصویر
پایگاه داده
نتایج آزمایش
نتیجه گیری
بخشی از مقاله
پایگاه داده
به منظور ذخیره اطلاعات حاصل از تحلیل تشخیص و آشکارسازی آگلوتیناسیون اجرا شده از طریق تکنیک های پردازش تصویر و نتیجه الگوریتم رده بندی (گروه خونی)، پایگاه داده ای ساخته شد. پایگاه داده ساخته شده قادر به ذخیره تصاویر گرفته شده و بکاررفته در تکنیک های پردازش تصویر (هر تصویر حاوی چهار نمونه خونی و معرف می باشد)، انحراف معیار محاسبه شده در هر چهار نمونه تصویر، نتیجه بر مبنای ارزش انحراف معیار بدست آمده برای هر یک از نمونه هاو نتیجه نهایی بدست آمده با الگوریتم رده بندی می باشد.
کلمات کلیدی:
Automatic System For Determination of Blood Types Using Image Processing Techniques Ana Ferraz Industrial Electronics Department University of Minho Guimaraes, Portugal aferraz@dei.uminho.pt Abstract-Determine blood type is essential before administering a blood transfusion, including in emergency situation. Currently, these tests are performed manually by technicians, which can lead to human errors. Various systems have been developed to automate these tests, but none is able to perform the analysis in time for emergency situations. This work aims to develop an automatic system to perform these tests in a short period of time, adapting to emergency situations. To do so, it uses the slide test and image processing techniques using the IMAQ Vision from National Instruments. The image captured after the slide test is processed and detects the occurrence of agglutination. Next the classification algorithm determines the blood type in analysis. Finally, all the information is stored in a database. Thus, the system allows determining the blood type in an emergency, eliminating transfusions based on the principle of universal donor and reducing transfusion reactions risks. Index Terms-blood types; emergency situations; slide test; image processing techniques; IMAQ Vision; Lab View; I. INTRODUCTION Before performing a blood transfusion is necessary to perform certain tests that are properly standardized. One of these tests is the determination of blood type and this test is essential for the realization of a safe blood transfusion, so as to administer a blood type that is compatible with the type of receiver [1-11]. However, there are certain emergency situations which due the risk of patient's life, it is necessary to administer blood immediately. In these cases, as the tests currently available require moving the laboratory, it may not be time enough to determine the blood type and is administered blood type 0 negative considered universal donor and therefore provides less risk of incompatibility [1-11]. However, despite the risk of incompatibilities be less sometimes occur transfusion reactions that cause death of the patient and it is essential to avoid them, administering blood based on the principle of universal donor only in emergencies [1-11]. Thus, the ideal would be to determine the blood type of the patient even in emergency situations and administering compatible blood type from the first unit of blood transfusion. Secondly, the pre-transfusion tests are performed manually by technician's analysts, which sometimes lead to the occurrence of human errors in procedures, reading and interpreting of results. Since these human errors can translate into fatal consequences for the patient, being one of the most significant causes of fatal blood transfusions is extremely important to automate the procedure of these tests, the reading and interpretation of the results [1-11]. In this sense, several systems have been developed TechniconAutoAnal yzer [12-14], TechniconAutoAnal yzer II [15-16], Groupamatic [13, 17], Auto-Grouper [13] Olympus PK 7200 [13,18-21] Immucor Galileo [22-25], Ortho AutoVue ® Innova System [26], Tango ® Automated Blood Bank [27] and Techno TwinStation [28]. But until now, no system delivers results available in time for it to be used in emergency situations [26]. Thus, this paper presents a novel system which automatically performs the determination of blood type, eliminating human error in a short interval of time for it to be used in emergency situations. This system is based on slide test for determining blood types and the software developed using image processing techniques. The slide test consist of the mixture of one drop of blood and one drop of each reagent, anti-A, anti-B, anti-AB and anti-D, being the result interpreted according to the occurrence or not of agglutination. The agglutination reaction means that occurred reaction between the antibody and the antigen, indicating the presence of the antigen appropriate. The combination of the occurrence of agglutination, or non occurrence, determines the blood type of the patient [29]. Thus, the software developed based in image processing techniques allows, through an image captured after the procedure of the slide test detect the occurrence of agglutination and consequently the blood type of the patient. II. IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES The results of slide test is captured by a CCD camera (Sony Cyber-shot DSC-S750) consisting of a color image composed of four samples of blood and reagent. This image will be processed by image processing techniques developed with the IMAQ Vision software from National Instruments [30]. The image processing techniques developed are presented in this section. The descriptions of all the functions presented are presented in the references mentioned [30-32].
